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However, the species was less used for its pharmaceutical action.Ī number of compounds with medicinal properties, such as terpenoids, flavonoids and phytosterols, alkaloids and glycoproteins, are present in cannabis. , over 25,000 different products have been derived and used for various purposes from Cannabis plant. it is one of the oldest domestic plants in the history of mankind and has been cultivated for at least 10,000 years.Īll these centuries, Cannabis was mainly used for fiber (mats, shoes, cloth, and ropes) and oil production. Both Ancient Greeks and Romans noted the medicinal properties of Cannabis, in contrast to Ancient Egyptians, although the first appearance of Cannabis is believed to be in central Asia about 5000 B.C. His ancient script is a guide to ancient medicines which describes the medical uses of plants (Dioscorides Materia medica 3.149.1). The Greek physician and pharmacologist Pedanius Dioscorides had already observed the effectiveness of the infusion of Cannabis’ green parts for otalgia treatment (ear-ache) in his timelessness medical work, “De materia medica” (70–77 A.D.). In each variety, analysis of the micropropagated plant in comparison with the mother plant showed no statistically significant differences ( p ≤ 0.05) in CBD+ cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) and CBG+ cannabigerolic acid (CBGA) content respectively, thus indicating stability of their chemical profile. The consistency of the chemical profile of the acclimatized in vitro propagated clones was assessed using quantitative 1H-NMR high throughput screening. Approximately 92% of the plantlets were successfully established and acclimatized in field. The maximum average number and length of roots per shoot was observed when the culture media was supplemented with 4.0 μM IBA or NAA. Presence of 2.0 or 4.0 μM IBA or 4.0 μM NAA resulted to the optimum rooting rates. The new shoots were transferred on the same media and were either self-rooted or after being enhanced with different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). BA and TDZ at concentrations of 4.0, 8.0 μM and 2.0, 4.0 μM respectively, displayed the maximum shooting frequency. The presence of 4.0 μM TDZ showed also comparable results. The highest average number and length of shoots was achieved when both full and half-strength MS media were supplemented with 4.0 μM BA. The shoots formed after 30 days were subcultured in full- or half-strength MS medium supplemented with several concentrations of 6-benzyl-amino-purine (BA) or thidiazuron (TDZ). Explants of nodal segments including healthy axillary bud, after sterilization, were placed in Murashige-Skoog (MS) culture medium. High cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabigerol (CBG) varieties of Cannabis sativa L., a species with medicinal properties, were regenerated in vitro.